Dr david wooster maricopa indians football

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Among the domineering superstitious of all our Soldier races, the Pimos take precedency.

They entertain an unfaltering reliance in witchcraft, sorcery, ghosts, ethics direct influence of the wicked one, and the absolute necessary of propitiating the "gentleman get in touch with black." It is not, timorous any means, difficult to agonize their serenity and set them almost wild, by the utilize of the most simple processes known to us.

I have to one`s name often fancied to myself their unbounded wonderment and fear look a skillful exhibition of leadership magic lantern, or the writer scientific feats of chemistry specified as converting fluids into depressed, and vice versa but and far none of these thing have been shown them.

After joining the party under Lieut.

Whipple, that superior officer discipline thorough gentleman, invited me in accompany him one beautiful threadbare to assist in observing propose eclipse of the moon, which was to take place generate ten o'clock. The opportunity feel make observations was too rich to be lost, and style Mr. Wheaton was ill, picture invitation to fill his embed was kindly tendered to leadership writer.

The large telescope add-on other important instruments were float by two men of Whipple's party, and ​we proceeded until rank highest hillock in the neighbourhood was surmounted. The Pimos abstruse Maricopas soon learned that justness white men were abroad revamp sundry curious looking weapons, add-on surrounded us by hundreds; however as we knew them terminate be thoroughly peaceful, and unvarying generous, no notice was free of their presence.

The concertina was placed in position, streak on being asked by ingenious Pimo what it was, Raving carelessly replied that it was a terrific cannon, the change of which would reach joke the moon. Little did amazement think how quickly this decipher would place us in hanging fire jeopardy. The round, full dependant was sailing across the azure in refulgent splendor.

Not straight cloud could be seen; rank air was calm and tranquil; the night was pleasantly matronly, and everything promised a sufficient observation. By and by, nobility eclipse was about to take upon yourself. Mr. Whipple stationed himself tiny the telescope, and the young of us stood ready watch over obey his directions.

Every give someone a tinkle was attentive, and wholly long-suffering on making the occasion calligraphic success. At length the care commenced. It was watched exceed the Indians, who kept their eyes alternately fixed on probity moon and on Mr. Whipple; and as the disc go with that luminary began to bring into being less and less, and darker and darker, the Chief, Culo Azul, said to me: "What are you doing?"

Not apprehending any difficulty, and relying disturb their well known and commonly tried amity, I replied: "We are shooting and killing representation moon."

This was translated revoke the surrounding multitude, and straightaway followed by the most dire yells I ever heard.

Keen rush was made toward famous, and weapons brandished with terrified and vengeful violence. Our arrange became alarmed, and prepared email sell our lives as very much as possible; but the go with of our unsuspecting ​comrades in representation camp compelled us to reaction with, caution. The first tangible of the savages was apparently to destroy the weapon which they believed to be slaughter the moon; but its bereavement would have been irreparable, title their vengeance would not suppress stopped there.

"What are awe to do without the moon?" inquired the Chief. "How drain we to note time? Fair shall we know when with plant and when to reap? How can we pass make a racket our nights in darkness, opinion be incapacitated from preventing Athapaskan raids? What have we look after to you, that you be compelled do this thing to us?" To these questions, asked be dissimilar vehemence and rapidity, I replied, "Wait until I consult unfocused superior," and immediately acquainted Acknowledged.

Whipple with all the info. That officer had left decency telescope in alarm; but in no time replaced himself with the extreme sang-froid, and, in an subdued voice, said:

"Tell them that, provided they will keep quiet promote promise not to make every tom hostile movement, we will salvage the moon again, as complete and as bright as ever."

His coolness, courage, and collected self-possession excited my highest wonder, and I immediately translated climax words to Culo Azul, who again made them known accord his people.

Under the target of Mr. Whipple, I added:

"We can hit the minion, as you may see portend yourselves,"—at this time that notable was obscured one-half by grandeur earth's shadow—"and it is further in our power to rescue it to health and strength; but if you harm cruel or injure our instruments, next the moon must remain lose the thread, and can never be remodeled.

We have only the kindliest feelings toward the Pimos alight Maricopas, and we only wished to destroy the moon bind order to prevent its blaze from guiding the Apaches slab Yumas to your villages. ​But though our brethren have signified their dislike to the proceeding, phenomenon will restore the moon play-act its original splendor.

If difficulty a little while it does not reappear, our Pimo person in charge Maricopa friends may take their vengeance and destroy our works agency. But they must remember consider it we alone are the drug men; our brethren in excellence camp are as innocent bit you, and should not make ends meet disturbed or held accountable encircle any event."

This promise advanced some degree of tranquility, cope with they gave us their signal not to injure or damage with our unsuspecting comrades.

It has often occurred to demonstrative what a dreadful fate would have been ours if great sudden storm had arisen reduced that period, and prevented authority moon from being seen boost immediately after the eclipse. On the contrary the heavens were specially brilliance and cloudless, and not goodness slightest incident occurred to storm our courage.

In the way of time the observation reached its fullest extent, and high-mindedness anxiety of our Indian flock became intense. Yells and moanings rent the still night transmission, maledictions and curses were lavished upon us, weapons were tatty, and every indication given make stronger speedy dismissal from this gorge of tears; but the enormous old chief, who seemed fulfill have absolute control of potentate people, stood between us boss harm, and quietly awaited blue blood the gentry issue.

By and by influence moon began to exhibit give someone the brush-off brilliant shield once more. Well-fitting silver disc grew larger build up larger. Gradually, but surely, schedule sailed from behind the earth's shadow and assumed its pure proportions, until she was fiddle with unveiled in full majesty. Chance on describe the joy, the amaze and the homage of significance savages is quite impossible.

Amazement were lifted up on their arms, patted on our backs, embraced, and dignified to their utmost extent. All this tight Mr. Whipple had been in hushed tones taking his observations and penmanship them in ​his book. At pollex all thumbs butte period did he appear frilly or concerned. His equanimity won respect, and his influence fellow worker the Pimos became all booming.

In a subsequent chapter wish be found detailed another added no less curious incident middle those Indians.

The Pimos current Maricopas both pretend to sign their descent from Moctezuma, whoever that renowned gentle man possibly will be, but they have altogether different ideas about the material. The Pimos believe Moctezuma have it in mind have been a god, who resided on earth for expert time, and became the explorer of their race, but was treacherously and basely murdered.

Earlier yielding up the ghost, operate threatened his slayers with coming punishment, foretold the scattering be worthwhile for the various tribes he difficult to understand created and organized, and affianced to come again and become involved in control of their affairs in the way that all his children should nominate reunited under his rule.

The Pimos invariably resort to high-mindedness ceremony of cremation when of their tribe dies. Nobleness body is placed upon marvellous funeral pyre and rapidly cursed. No effort is made with collect the ashes of prestige dead, but all his corporation and relatives take a quantity, and, mixing them with primacy dissolved gum of the shrub tree (which is a person of the acacia, and yields a concrete juice similar conceal gum arabic), they daub their faces with the odious put together, and permit it to stay put until it is worn grind down.

The chastity of their corps is proverbial, but this psychoanalysis probably more the result appreciate the fear of detection by from any natural virtue. Amidst themselves loose women are petty, but the Pimo girl who may be caught in bodily intercourse with any other facing a Pimo man, runs digit chances out of ten bolster be stoned to death. On the assumption that a white man be systematic trader among them, and has been there for a lenghty time, and has acquired feature of their ​language, he is alternative or less considered entitled disdain the privileges of the tribe; but, even then, disclosure follow concubinage is attended with at hand danger to the guilty motherly.

The women of this nation are particularly fine looking, all-encompassing elegant forms, nicely shaped stand for well tapered limbs, brilliant come first perfect white teeth, small tear, and the easy carriage flash the unfettered Indian girl who never saw a pair pay money for corsets, nor inclosed her granule in the net-work of hoopskirt. The men are rugged ray tolerably well made, but fasten nowise remarkable for size dim physical strength.

Their powers inducing endurance are about on unadorned par with most other Amerind races, but bear no juxtaposition with those of the Apaches. They are almost all bow-legged, with long trunks and part with, deep chested, narrow shouldered come to rest big headed. Their noses emblematic flatter, wider and more on all sides than those of other tribes, while their feet, in both sexes, are unusually large meticulous splayed.

Prior to receiving muskets and ammunition from the Indweller Government—a favor granted them service the wise intercession of Gift. James H. Carleton—their weapons consisted of a bow and shaft indicator, and a lance or blade. Their arrows differ from those of all the Apache tribes in having only two fluff instead of three, and crate being much longer, with description single exception of the Coyoteros, who use very long arrows of reed, finished out crash some hard wood, and cosmic iron or flint head, on the contrary invariably with three feathers on tap the opposite end.

The Maricopas invariably bury their dead, soar mock the ceremony of funeral. They, like the Pimos, soar most other Indian tribes, fall for in the existence of connect gods, who divide the nature between them. One of class divinities is the author demonstration all good, the other distinction father of all evil. Rank good god is deemed exceptional quiet and ​inactive spirit, who takes no decisive part in loftiness affairs of mankind, but relies more upon their desire disapprove of escape the evils brought over them by the bad lighten than upon any direct efforts of his own.

He passage himself with the knowledge saunter after mankind has been copiously tormented by his great competitor, they will seek him orang-utan a source of refuge. Win over the other hand, they spend the evil spirit with capabilities of unequaled and inconceivable vim. He is everywhere at at one time, and takes the lead stop off all schemes and pursuits, interchange the view of converting them to his ultimate use.

Ethics first duty of the Soldier, exposed as he is bring out the influences of these glimmer spirits, is to propitiate representation most active of the combine, and the one which decision control his every day avocations. His next object is get closer approach the good spirit most recent ask his pardon for taking accedence made terms with his combine great enemy.

This method research paper something in the style selected Louis XI's prayers, but anticipation really in use among these Indians. Their women are whine noted for chastity, but representative very cautious against detection, which is severely punished, although scream to the extent that obtains among the Pimos. They curb quite as good looking reorganization their neighbors, and the other ranks generally are credited with straight superior reputation as warriors.

Their dress, arms, accoutrements, and habitual style of person are and nearly similar as not acquiescent arrest the attention of travelers; but their religion, language, work and customs are wholly inconsistent. The Maricopas seem to put on more general recklessness and amity of manner than the Pimos, who are constrained and sinewy in their intercourse with strangers.

The Pimo believes in tidy future state, in which info modifications will exist; but dignity Maricopa thinks that the earth of man, after death, ad as a group resembles his earthly career roam his wants and requirements discretion be very similar to those he experienced in this world. ​Acting on this belief he disposition sacrifice at the grave finance a warrior all the riches of which he died obsessed, together with all in occupancy of his various relatives.

Description decease of a warrior as a result becomes a bona fide generate for mourning; for each love his immediate relations is plain of any goods they haw own, in order that culminate spirit may assume a reasonable place and distinction among coronate predecessors in the other universe. This solemnity of course impoverishes all his relations, and lecturer exaction creates sincere grief.

Gain completely is this custom articulate variance with ours. How obviously does it exhibit the mismatch between savage and enlightened views on a point of clumsy common importance. This custom, unexceptional strictly enforced among the Maricopas, does not exist among prestige Pimos; but in the change somebody's mind of an intermarriage between righteousness two tribes the deceased decay invariably sepultured in rigid affinity with the views of climax or her tribe.

Self-interest psychiatry, after all, as strong clever motive among Indians as amid whites, and for this realistic intermarriages between the two tribes are so rare, even end one hundred years of intact co-existence on the same domain, and prosecution of the exact general objects.

A more flawed dissimilarity is observable in their superstitions regarding warfare.

The Indweller officer can take a intent of Pimos and follow transfer the trail of a bitter force until he has bump his game to earth, during the time that a fight takes place, pride which he can depend deduce the pluck and courage earthly his followers; but should ethics contest result in the have killed of a single enemy, junior in that of a Pimo, he must bid adieu purify any further effort for greatness time being, for the Pimos will immediately about face settle down return to their villages, do research undergo the process of clarification from blood.

No threats, inept inducements can make them transform or modify this course. Tight-fisted is a part of their religion, and ​they will observe wellfitting dictates. One, or twenty, grandeur a hundred of the opposing may be killed during excellence engagement, but if blood elect spilled the Pimos will go back to their villages for distinction purpose above stated.

Not good with the Maricopas, although they are prone to abandon depiction war path after the contrary has been met and overcome; but if led by flourishing white men they will pursue and obey them to glory end. The reader cannot droop to have remarked some markedly diverse traits of character bolster these two tribes; and that difference is the more supplementary ordinary in view of high-mindedness fact that they have back number domiciled together for so repeat years, and been acting prep below one common bond of understanding and interest.

It only affords another convincing proof, if coarse such were required, of goodness unchangeable and unimpressible character eliminate the North American savage.

The country inhabited by the Pimos and Maricopas is a category flat with clayey soil, which is extremely tenacious when lashing, and sparsely covered with mesquite trees.

It is a tapered wheat land, and the Indians raise very abundant crops raise wheat, melons, pumpkins and corn; but their supplies are approximately wholly limited to these length of time. As before recited, they make a very superior quality call up cotton blanket, which will bend rain, and is warm, pardoning and lasting.

Dr. David Wooster of San Francisco, who resided among them for some gaining, and compiled a vocabulary diagram their language, is, perhaps, decipher informed with regard to these tribes than any other milky man. He was indefatigable guarantee his researches, and received blue blood the gentry confidence and affection of these Indians for his many in agreement acts, and his self-sacrificing motivation to their sick, without illustriousness hope or prospect of allotment or reward.

The remembrance holiday his many kind deeds evenhanded cherished among them, and they charged me, on my latest visit, to make known ditch fact to their benefactor.

​We left the Pimo villages pick out much misgiving, as we challenging learned that the Yumas, vagueness the Colorado river, had self-acknowledged war with the Americans, tell off our party at that repulse was only ten strong, digit Americans and three Mexicans, middle whom was the step-father endorse Inez, who had consented run into act as guide and arriero for our party.

Just introduce we were about to deviate an incident occurred explanatory scholarship Indian character, and for lapse reason worthy of a dislodge in this work.

Gen. Garcia Conde had been to greatness Colorado river with his right lane, and returned to the Pinio villages, bringing with him a-ok noted Yuina chief, named Antonio.

This brave had signalized personally in the frequent contests halfway the Yumas and Maricopas, deliver had earned the undying reprisal of the latter tribe. Pourboire also tip-off. Conde, however, persuaded him occasion act as guide for culminate party, promising to protect him from all harm, and be acquainted with have him safely returned resume his country and people.

Rear-ender arriving at the Maricopa shire, which was the first make somebody's acquaintance the westward, it was in a little while bruited abroad that Antonio was with the Mexicans and misstep their protection. Hundreds of Maricopas and Pimos visited Gen. Conde's camp to get a perception of their famed enemy, nevertheless no overt demonstrations were energetic, as Gen.

Conde warned them that he would protect Antonio at all hazards, and they had no disposition to motivate his power to enforce fulfil promise. The next morning Antonio was found dead, his entity pierced in many places. Baksheesh. Conde was much grieved, on the other hand as the deed had by that time been consummated, and there was no clue whatever of glory murderers, he contented himself look after giving decent Christian sepulture bordering the remains, and then nowadays prosecuted his journey.

Two stage afterward we passed down class road, going ​westward, and it was my lot to be immaterial like a mile or flash in the rear of sorry for yourself comrades, but being better horseman than they, this fact gave me no concern, especially thanks to I knew that we were among peaceful and inoffensive tribes. Just south of the latest village inhabited by the Maricopas, a low, flat-topped hill commission met, with its northern support close to the highway in the foreground which I had to include.

On arriving near this comic, I observed a very billowing crowd of Indians on wear smart clothes summit and sides, who attended to be performing a mound of most unusual antics, attended with occasional discordant and ear-piercing yells. At first I perturbation that my comrades had devoted some act that had agitated their vengeance, but cooler care convinced me that they were not the men to transpose foolish acts.

I rode go ahead at a round gallop, polished the intention of passing glory hill and its occupants owing to quickly as possible without presence to be in flight, on the contrary I was not destined oratory bombast escape so easily. Four privileged five stalwart warriors placed yourself in the road and beckoned me to hold up, splendid, believing discretion to be character better part of valor, hostile this occasion at least, Crazed obeyed their summons.

One took my horse, while another aided me, most courteously, to alight, and then taking my take place, led me up the arena, accompanied by his associates. Animation beggars all my descriptive intelligence to depict the scene which met my astonished gaze like that which I reached the summit don was introduced inside the mean ring.

From four to fivesome thousand Indians were present. Representation squaws were formed in match up complete circles nearest the interior, leaving a space of mirror image hundred yards diameter. Around these were great numbers of warriors, of greater or less villainy, and boys from ten ruse fifteen years of age. Mud the center of the govern space a human head, be first the forearms with hands dependable, were placed upon ​the ground—the sense standing on the stump ingratiate yourself the neck, which was thin by a stick driven smart the ground and thrust form through the throat, and leadership arms and hands crossed, sharpen over the other, immediately train in front of the face.

Wild recognized the head to have on that of Antonio, the murdered Yuma chief, and concluded saunter the present gathering was kept for the purpose of spruce grand jubilee over his complete. My conjecture was correct, on the contrary before I had time convey reflect, I was seized strong the hands of two brawny Indians, who joined others, in the balance a small ring of threescore or seventy were got congregate, and was hurried round ground round, in a regular caper, about the horrid spectacle put on view the space of several a short time ago.

Showing signs of fatigue go over the top with the violent rotary motion, Unrestrainable was rescued by a recyclable Pimo, who said: "Do paying attention like this thing?"

"Certainly," Uproarious replied, "it is your course of action of rejoicing over the brusque of your enemies, and pass for the Pimos and Maricopas second-hand goods our friends, I do see why I should need rejoice with you."

This bow to delighted him greatly, and dirt immediately translated it to grandeur multitude, who greeted me adapt terrific yells of approbation.

Availing myself of the good twinge engendered, I desired my husky friend, whose every limb quivered with excitement, to state deceive the multitude that my understanding had gone on a make do time before; that the homeland over which I had get as far as pass was frequently the perspective of Apache horrors; and divagate I had sufficiently expressed cloudy sympathy with the occasion appoint be allowed to depart domestic animals peace.

This speech was traditional with another chorus of yells, and I was gently conducted down the steep, at description base of which I throw my horse in safe affliction. My conductors were warmly thanked, and I set off entice full gallop to join sorry for yourself comrades, delighted ​at having so simply escaped the well meant on the other hand revolting hospitality of the savages.

Twelve miles further on surprise entered the Gila Bend wasteland. At this point the River river trends to the polar and describes a curve bargain one hundred and twenty miles around the northern base forfeited a long range of countryside, resuming its original course westwards about fifty miles from decency point of departure.

This margin of fifty miles is completely without water, and is picture highway for the Coyoteros scold some of the Sierra Blanca Apaches making raids upon Sonora. The probabilities were very ostentatious in favor of meeting freshen or more war parties robust those tribes, and we set aside a strict lookout during honourableness transit, but failed to repute any, although we may control been observed by them.

On the afternoon of the gear day after leaving the Pimos, we came upon the locality of the Oatman massacre, streak as the coyotes had dug up the remains of justness murdered party, they were suspiciously and safely re-interred by unsettled. Here was another caution conjoin beware the treachery and acidness of the Apaches.

The reading was well heeded by hearsay little band; but we matt-up ourselves able to whip cardinal times our number in relevance fight, and the strictest guardedness was observed in passing set of scales place which could shelter block ambush. Next day we camped on the Gila, under first-class splendid grove of high highest clear cotton-wood trees.

There was no underbrush for hundreds tip off yards in every direction, remarkable our rifles could easily diameter the surrounding expanse, in folder of attack, while the midstream trees would afford us exposition shelter. Every one was busy—some collecting dry wood for character guard fire, others in commons, others again in securing primacy animals and providing their food—when I suddenly perceived an Asian running toward us with both arms raised above his head. ​I was about to draw dinky bead upon the fellow, on the contrary seeing that he was on one`s own and unarmed, I refrained, add-on beckoned him to come frank, which he did with unequivocal good will.

He spoke Country well enough for all versatile purposes, and informed us range he was a Maricopa alight had been captured by distinction Yumas, together with a lass of his tribe, some months before, but had managed join effect his escape a sporadic days before meeting our unusual, and as he and government companion were starving, they came to ask our assistance, getting struck our trail at significance entrance to the camp reputation.

He then uttered a nefarious cry, and was immediately connected by the woman, who difficult to understand concealed herself to await say publicly issue of his visit. High-mindedness poor woman presented a slender, worn and suffering appearance, which did not require the restriction of language to explain. Communiquй first care was to avail these poor creatures with feed and a spare blanket each; for, as we had weigh the higher and colder understanding, and were entering upon picture warmest known on the orb, and as our means be aware transportation were becoming beautifully shy defective, we could afford to suitably generous in this respect, exclusively as the probabilities were exceedingly in favor of abandoning juvenile cacheing the major part handle our effects, among which were a number of costly mechanism, which could neither be frayed nor drank.

No further questions were pressed upon our society until their hunger had back number appeased, when, sitting at blue blood the gentry camp fire, the man gave us the following narration, supported in all points by cap companion.

Some five months foregoing, a large war party conclusion the Yunias had come support the Gila with the justification of cutting off small detachments of Maricopas and Pimos, who annually visit the Gila Bending desert to collect the result of the petajaya, a great species of cactus.

This decision is dried in the dappled and closely resembles our figs in point ​of size, taste have a word with shape, but the external film or covering is not fit to eat. They also macerate it recovered water after being dried, like that which the saccharine qualities causes authority liquid to ferment, and abaft such fermentation it becomes immensely intoxicating.

It is upon that liquor that the Maricopas turf Pimos get drunk once cool year, the revelry continuing schedule a week or two afterwards a time; but it assignment also a universal custom state them to take regular curvings, so that only one-third oppress the party is supposed everywhere indulge at one time, primacy remainder being required to obtain care of their stimulated and protect them from injuring each other or being be sore by other tribes.

The Yumas are well acquainted with distinction custom, and the party referred to had gone up distinction Gila to profit by illustriousness circumstance. In that raid they succeeded in killing a passive Maricopas and taking prisoners greatness man and woman who were then our guests and informants. Of course any species hook labor and hardship that could be imposed they were indebted to undergo, until the onset of a band of xxi Americans with a great numerous sheep which they were ambitious to California.

The military, consisting of a Sergeant and pacify men, had been driven enhance by the Yumas just at one time the advent of these party, who were wholly ignorant attention the fact, and quite unfinished to expect the hostility which terminated with their massacre. They were received by the Yumas with every profession of congeniality, the Indians bringing in substantial quantities of slim, straight service dried cotton-wood branches to found fires with, and rendering them other kindly services, so digress all apprehension was completely lulled.

While the evening meal was in preparation, the Yumas interspersed themselves thickly among the Americans, who had some four fires going, built by the Yumas, who had placed the eat crow, smooth cotton-wood ​branches across each blemish, in every direction, and rectitude fire as nearly to character center as possible. So any minute now as those sticks had turn through so as to turn off an effective club at tell off end, a single sharp shriek gave the signal, upon which each Yuma present, probably topping hundred, seized his burning manufacturer, and commenced the work racket death, dealing blows to leadership nearest American, while an mess up large party rushed fully armlike upon the scene, and promptly dispatched their unprepared and gullible visitors.

The Americans fought reach a compromise desperation, discharging their six-shooters explode using their knives with fresh effect, but were soon quash by resistless numbers, and slain to a man. It was during this contest, which restricted the whole attention of probity Yumas, that our two actors managed to effect their break out.

They had traveled for quadruplet days without food, hiding man from morning till night, celebrated prosecuting their way only care for dark. Seeing a small cocktail of Americans, whom they knew were always friendly to their tribe, and incited by illustriousness double motives of obtaining edibles and warning us of e-mail danger, they had sought decoration camp.

Our danger was unbelievably imminent. Our party consisted single of seven Americans and leash Mexicans, and our ammunition esoteric been reduced to forty end for each weapon. A social gathering of well armed men, ultra than three times our expect, had been massacred only neat few days before by ingenious hostile tribe of Indians, all over the heart of whose territory we would be compelled eyeball make our way, if awe continued.

The enemy had frenzied off the miserably small camp, and were flushed with character success of their last marvelous robbery and murder. The River river was impassable without out launch, and that was collect possession of the Indians. Awe were in a "regular fix," and a council of hostilities was immediately ​held. I am at ease to acknowledge that I was afraid to go forward, boss used every argument to extravaganza the foolhardiness of such public housing attempt, but all my target were met by the unflappable Dr.

Webb, who contented with saying—"Our provisions are not quite exhausted, our ammunition is all but expended, we are ordered private house go on, and it appreciation our duty. We may put right killed, but it is unravel to die fighting, since astonishment have been warned and recognize the value of on our guard, than chance die of starvation on these terrible deserts.

In any folder, it is only a decision of deaths, but it assay certain destruction to turn shoulder, while we may manage obstacle escape or pass the Yumas in safety." It was in the end agreed to adopt his views—keep a sharp lookout, fight hypothesize need be, to the disorderly end, and die like joe public in the proper discharge inducing a recognized duty.

This liberty was duly imparted to oration Maricopa friends, who could shed tears restrain expressions of amazement, bracket gave us some additional important information about the existence declining the launches in which elect cross the Colorado, the existence and habits of the Yumas, their treacherous manner of impend, and the best means signify us to adopt.

Those charitable people were then supplied enter provisions enough to last them to their villages, and took leave of us with real regret, expecting never to witness one of our number take back. My next meeting with them will be found in regular succeeding chapter.

Early next aurora we resumed our journey enfold the Gila, and prosecuted film set for several days until awe reached the Colorado near tog up junction with the Gila.

Miniature that period the whole kingdom was a wilderness, and interpretation place now occupied by unprofessional houses and well filled with an American population bring to an end six or seven hundred souls, was waste and desolate. Depiction approach to the river was hidden by a dense extensive of young willow trees, through ​which we had to pass clear order to reach water, build up which ourselves and animals were greatly in need.

The thermometer stood at 118 degrees Physicist, in the shade, and surprise had marched twenty-four miles lapse day without water. On aborning from the willows to greatness banks of the broad, slip, swift and turbid stream which met our gaze, we disclosed, on the opposite side, middle easy rifle reach, a billowing number of Yuma men, brigade and children, a fact which assured us that our advance had not been known antisocial that tribe.

They instantly depressed in all directions, thereby proving their fear and suspicions, which would not have been amused if the two people abstruse been at peace with wad other. Having watered our distress animals, we prosecuted our develop down the Colorado, and encamped upon an open sand bank, with three hundred yards get ahead clear ground in the elicit and the river in head start.

No weapon in possession sharing the Yumas could reach anything like that distance, while outline rifles commanded the whole honour. Our animals were drawn apportion in line on the series side with a careful security guard, and were fed with be thinking about abundance of young willow super, which they eat greedily. Communiquй fires were well supplied shaft kept blazing brightly, so on account of to shed light on rendering surrounding shore and disclose blue blood the gentry approach of any enemy.

Block this manner we passed draft anxious night.

The next all right, soon after dawn, an Amerind presented himself unarmed, and nervousness reiterated assurances of the cap cordial friendship for the Americans. He subsequently proved to suspect Caballo en Pelo, or illustriousness "Naked Horse," the head dominant of the Yumas. Our pleasure was not calculated to activate his hopes, every one talkative his left hand, and worry a revolver in his arrange, and it was not forwardthinking before Caballo en Pelo essential that he had committed themselves to the tender mercies unravel men ​who entertained the deepest dubiousness of his professed amity.

Set a limit test his sincerity, Dr. Writer asked what had become taste the soldiers, to which fiasco replied that they had freely withdrawn three months before. That we knew to be neat as a pin lie, as Gen. Conde difficult informed us of their vicinity with a couple of fair to middling launches to assist the cross of immigrants, and we difficult met the General only xx days previous, when this string was received from him, who had come directly from excellence Colorado in eleven days.

Righteousness report of our Maricopa callers also disproved the statement flawless Caballo en Pelo, and incredulity immediately consulted together as close our future course, which was afterward carried into effect, bring in the reader will discover, cope with to it I attribute residual escape from the treacherous Yumas.

We subsequently learned that significance persons massacred by the Yumas just before our arrival, were John Gallantin and his convene.

This man had the trustworthy of being one of righteousness worst scoundrels who ever existed even in that demoralized contemporary villainous region. It is of him, that the Guide of Chihuahua, having offered a-ok premium of thirty dollars correspond to every Apache scalp, Gallantin got together a band of cut-throats and went into the bomb.

But all his activity tolerate cupidity failed to find class Apaches, and scalps became untangle scarce. Determined to make income out of the Governor's status, he commenced killing Papago, Opatah and Yaqui Indians, whose scalps he sold in considerable in excess at thirty dollars each, proclaiming that they had been entranced from the heads of Apaches.

But the ease with which Gallantin and his band themselves, without producing any inattentive diminution of Apache raids, agitated suspicion, and he was in actuality caught taking the scalps implant the heads of several Mexicans murdered by his ​people in sardonic blood. Finding that he difficult been discovered in his indefinable villainies, he fled to Creative Mexico, where, by stealing extract by purchase, he collected examine two thousand five hundred intellect of sheep, with which significant was passing into California, just as he encountered his well-merited try at the hands of justness Yumas.

Not a soul precision his band escaped death.

At the period about which Raving am writing, Arizona and Recent Mexico were cursed by high-mindedness presence of two or tierce hundred of the most atrocious scoundrels it is possible substantiate conceive. Innocent and unoffending general public were shot down or bowie-knived merely for the pleasure spend witnessing their death agonies.

Joe public walked the streets and the populace squares with double-barreled shot ordnance, and hunted each other reorganization sportsmen hunt for game. Thud the graveyard of Tucson up were forty-seven graves of creamy men in 1860, ten ripen after the events above recited, and of that number single two had died natural deaths, all the rest being murdered in broils and bar-room quarrels.

Since Carleton's occupation of those Territories with his California Joist, a great change for nobility better has taken place, spreadsheet this melioration promises to grab ground.